Ablation and coagulation of soft biological tissues induced by microsecond pulsed laser
Polina V. Aleksandrova1, Arsen K. Zotov1, Danil V. Pechenkin1, Yuriy A. Suchkov1,
David G. Kochiev1, Anna I. Alekseeva2, Irina N. Dolganova1,3; 1Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; 2Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, Moscow, Russia; 3Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
Abstract
The successful clinical adoption of pulsed laser therapies is fundamentally tied to understanding of the underlying mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions. Among the various parameters, pulse duration is the critical determinant that distinguishes between thermal and non-thermal tissue responses. Specifically, pulses longer than 1 μs primarily lead to thermal coagulation, while shorter pulses facilitate tissue ablation. Both laser parameters (wavelength, energy density, pulse width) and intrinsic properties of biological tissue have an influence on the nature of laser radiation interaction with tissues, and as a consequence, on the formation of ablation and coagulation zones.
In the present work, the effects of high-intensity pulsed laser radiation on liver tissues both ex vivo and in vivo were studied. During the ex vivo study the dynamic formation of ablation and coagulation zones generated by a pulsed laser (λ≈1.08 μm) were evaluated as a function of the pulse train repetition frequency (ν=12.5;25;50 Hz). To compare two modes of generation: free-running mode (λ≈1.064 μm) and pulse-train mode (λ≈1.08 μm), in vivo study was conducted on Wistar rats model. In both modes, the laser was operated at a frequency of 12.5 Hz and an exposure duration of 5 seconds. Analysis of the data revealed that, relative to the free-running mode, the pulse-train mode significantly minimizes the coagulation and the dispersion of thermal damage, thereby enabling a more precise and reproducible interaction with soft biological tissues.
Speaker
Polina Aleksandrova
Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russia
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